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The schools of oil painting

The schools of oil painting can be divided into two categories. The first are those innovative works that focus on reflecting things objectively; The second are those innnovative works that focus on reflecting things subjectively.(see modern oil paintings)

Among those works of first category,which appeared after the Renaissance such as Baroque, Rococo, classic, college, romanticism, realism, realism, photographic realism, impressionism. All these are based on reflecting the nature so that those paintings can express diffierent thoughts and purposes of artists.

Baroque school – It’s popular in the 17th and 18th century.The original meaning of “Baroque” is irregular, twisted, eerie.One character of this school is to advocate the distortion of movement, the plump and the strong feeling of body.The representative artist of Baroque is Rubens.
Rococo – The original meaning of ” Rococo ” refers to the shape of shells, Its artistic styles are complicated, delicate, thin, sweet and this style is popular in the 18th century, The representative painters of Rococo are Huaduo and FuLangsuo ? Buu o.

The Classic and College school – The Classic is based on respecting the principle of ancient Greece, Rome, In the composition, The painting is balanced, solemn, splendid, noble in the atomosphere.The technique of this school is efficient and its painting is deep, which is also the principle of College. As the founder of College school:Fa Qinuo saying: “Beauty is the highest goal of all arts, it is an objective nature of things and it’s organized by the order, harmony, proportion, and rules.” Its representative artist are Raphael, Ingres, etc.

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Cubism painting

?If the previous painting-schools are the objective reflection of nature by painters and they just play a role of adding,emphasising and developing this school, The upcoming category we will introduce below are After-impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism, the futurism, abstract art, Surrealism, and these are no longer the true description of objective objects, but the free creation according to the artist’s subjective intentions, most of them appear in the 20th century.

Post-impressionism – The post-Impressionist painters emphasized the impression of self-feelings and attach importance to the comparision of colors and internal structure of things, Its representative painters are Van Gogh, Gauguin, and so on. This painting school had an in-depth influence to the Modern Western painting art.
Fauvism – Fauvism is a school that express internal passion of painter with exaggerated shapes, strong colors and bold lines. Matisse was the founder of this school.

?Cubism – Cubism painting, the vision of picture is no longer one place, but the all-round expression of things,which can make the things become the geometric objects. The founder of this school are Spanish painter Pablo Picasso and French painter Braque.
Futurism – Futurism painter used colors, lines to show the velocity, force and organisation and separation of things in an abstract manner,Abstract art – Abstract art is making an abstract concrete-free combination of painting based on the line, block, surface, color, Its representative painter is Dutch painter: Mengdeeran.
Dada – Dada school always has some influence to the upcoming Surrealism, active sculpture, pop art and postmodernism.
Surrealism – Surrealism school was influenced by Bergson’s intuitionism and the Freud’s subconscious theory, which advocated the impression of the subconscious and dreaming sense of people. The representative painter was Spanish painter Dali, Miro.

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Introduction to the techniques of painting

oil painting is extraordinary versatility. It can be applied in one way or butter reduced to a thick liquid consistency. This diversity opens the door for a number of different painting techniques.

My personal preference is to start the first oil painting drawing composition of acrylic paint with water or oil soluble paint. People’s approach to painting is to reduce the paint with turpentine to apply the first layer. Turpentine is very toxic and I prefer not to work with. Acrylic or oil paint can be diluted soluble in water with old water clear and more enjoyable to work with in my opinion. You can also begin your oil painting by relying first on the publication. There are some means of drawing that works very well with oil paints. My two favorite pencils and vine charcoal soluble in water. I prefer vine charcoal because it does not stain such as coal and can be removed more easily. Pencils soluble in water is great because it can be applied, such as pencils, regular and can be spread across such a wet brush. If you’re the type of patience, you can try your hand at Prima technique is oil painting. Prima is the way when filling the table in one session instead of the paint layers and wait until the paint dries. Although I usually prefer to work on my paintings in layers, and I enjoy this approach in some cases, spontaneous and exciting to paint in oil. If you are careful, patient type of painter, you may be interested in working with glass techniques. The glaze popular these days, partly because of the time needed to complete such a table, it is difficult, but the results are something truly unique to any other type of painting technique in the field of oil. Painted the first configured with a single vague scalp, usually in shades of gray. After this first sub-layer is completely dry, apply thin layers of transparent oil glazes. Are mixing colors directly, but added in separate layers to get the desired color. If you put the type of adventure, and brushes aside and try a series of knives, painting, or painting. You can get interesting results with a very knives that are not possible with brushes. Oil paint can be scraped off and spread on thick with ease. What I like most about using knives is the tendency not to focus on small details. I find myself compelled to draw a more relaxed manner that creates an impressionist painting. Get a set of painting knives and try to complete a full schedule with all the knives. It is difficult at first if you’re familiar with brushes, but it is a nice exercise. Maybe you want your painting to have more body and texture. You can try the impasto painting technique and the application of paint in thick heavy strokes, leaving evidence of all these wonderful artistic strokes. Take a look at van Gogh painting and you will see this method at work. It’s really not surprising that the painting is a popular choice for painters. There is a lot to the discovery of oil in the painting. You never get bored trying out all the great tools, methods and techniques.

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Oil paintings -Romanticism-Realism

Romanticism – Romanticism originated in the early 19th century of France, Its masterpiece is Jilike’s “Raft of Medusa”, in this work, the composition, light, color, movement, expressions have shown the rich imagination of artists,which also break the rule of Classic: Being balanced, soft and delicate in the composition and light of drawing,Meanwhile,It make the picture have a passion. This is also an important element of Romanticism painting,paying attention to the release and expression of feelings.
Realism – realistic painting refers to the mid-19th century,Those painters such as Miller advocated use the mathod that is accordance to the objects so that express the normal vision image and reflect the essence of life. The representative works are Millet’s <>and so on.

Realism and Photographic realism – Realism, as its founder Courbet saying in 1885: “As we see,our paintings are to express the customes,thoughts and images of this age in an actual manner.In other words:Creating art is our purpose”.(See oil paintings -mountains)

Photographic realism is to put our life into the picture in an manner as photo,such as Cluos’s <>.In order to draw a work like this,we should firstly make the works into picture or powerpoint,and put it into a cloth in a ten-times bigger than the first one so that we can express every detail of objects more faithfully and lively.For example,every texture and hair in your face.

Impressionism – Impressionism is in the 19th-century, painters went out their studios to explore the changes of light and color in the nature.which break the traditional colored concepts such as the green color of tree,the black color of shadow, It made an objective drawing to the impact between the original color and the surrounding environment color, The representive artists are Monet, Seurat, Cezanne, Renoir, etc.

Glass painting(cheap oil paintings) belongs to the category of oil painting reproductions,it seemes that the oil painting(Oil paintings for sale) covered in the glass, and the discount oil paintings is framed with timber seat and placed in a long narrow table or on the wall, It is not an elegant device, most of Paintings for sale and Oil Painting Reproductions are also the products of Republic of China in the late Qing Dynasty.

The protecting skills of oil painting

One painting’s color can be unchangble for several hundred years if it can be properly preserved,On the contrary,Its color layer may occur to cracking, lossing and discoloration. So what can we do to protect your painting from damage?
First, you can draw two layers of natural beeswax in the back of canvas. The beeswax should have been dissolved in turpentine before this step,By doing so we can completely prevent the damage caused by immersion of humid air. (see oil painting landscape)
Second, oil painting should avoid long-term direct sunlight. Because the ultraviolet rays will cause great damage and color fadings and discoloration to the painting.
Third, storage house to deposite oil painting should pay attention to ventilation and humidity prevention,The house should be far away from the bathroom and the kitchen as far as possible. And we should pay attention to protect the dust and damage to canvas caused by lampblack,While the room should be kept in a certain temperature and humidity. Those wet paintings must be dried slowly and we can never put them under the sunlight,or their pictures will be easy to be expose,

Forth, It is forbidden for us to stick two pictures side to side. And we should avoid the picture become worse due to the temperature increases,which will result in the loss of oil paint and damage of picture.
Fifth,When we roll the oil painting, we should make its canva toward inside and its picture toward outside. Then we use a layer of paper roll the painting and wrap it with plastic cloth in order to prevent paint cracking.

Sixth, oil painting hanging on the wall can be gently cleaned with a damp cloth if it is full of dust. If the oil surface has smoke,we can use a little soap to gently scrub, then we use the sponge to dry the screen quickly and finally use shouting fans to blow painting surface gently. If you meet the oil painting that has history of many years and some chaps, we must use less water and dry some parts of picture. If we will use professional glazing oil to maintain the painting,we should use the clean cloth to dry the picture before doing that.
Seventh,In general,oil painting can be saved for two or three hundred years, but over past many years, some oil paintings may have chaps in the upcoming decades. If your collections are so much that you can wrap them with plastic cloth and put them into the wooden box so as to prevent the previous flaws.

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Terse oil painting

Oil painting is one painting that has a most noble atmosphere among those decorative paintings, it is a pure handicraft and can be copied or created according to consumer’s needs,Its style is really unique. Now those popular subjects of oil paintings are usually landscapes, figures and quiet objects.
As the oil painting developed untill now,it has become more and more popular among people.Among modern decorative paintings,One terse oil painting without frame has striken the market of modern funiture in an unprecendented momentum.It got rid of the restriction of traditional decorative paintings.Its character is brilliant and fashionable so that it has become the trend of modern furniture decorations.

Now It’s difficult for us to summarize many existing problems because they are too complicated.Seeing from several large-scale exhibition of oil paintings in recent years, we can find a prominent phenomena:The color sense of oil painting is declining prevalently.the reason of which is that most of painters do not attach importance to skeching painting.Present painters are lazy and they always draw paintings by coping the picture.Even the students of art colleges also rarely draw sketching painting.

With the further development of oil painting’s techniques, some paintings used acrylic as bottom color or materials during the process of painting.And some high-tech mathods has been used in the creation of oil painting, such as projectors, On one hand,it helped people save tiome during the process of modeling.On the other hand,it also made people become dependent on projects and neglected the training of ability for sketching and modeling.What’s more,we used the technique of micro spurting to drawing and it would be codenemned in the professional art exhibitions.

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In 1964, Under the slogan:”Taking the classes’ struggling as the guidence”, The persons such as Lin Biao,Jiang Qing took a cultural sweep to culture and art field. Many painters’works were taken away, For instance,Zhong Han’s 《The edge of Yan River》, Du Jian’s 《Moving forward in the torrent》，Li Hua Ji’s 《Princess Wen Cheng》, Qin Zheng’s 《Home》 and etc. All these works were sentenced by fabricated crimes in the public and almost destroyed. On the other hand, oil painting has become the tools of creating the God, 《Chairman Mao to AnYuan》 has become typical work for that time。The number of printings for that painting reached over 100 million. At this time, some young talent oil painters began to appear, such as Chen DanQing, Shen Jia Wei, Chen Yiming, etc. Their representative works were: 《Never stop the war》, 《Tribute to the Yellow River》 ,《Tears covered the harvest fields》, 《I guard for my great motherland》 and so on.           (Wonderful collection of Cheap Oil Paintings,They are all Discount Oil Paintings.)It was the opening period of art after the Cultural Revolution, Various forms of paintings were booming and the forms of paintings were also varied.  Those works such as Luo ZhongLi’s 《father》, Chen DanQing’s 《Tibet of paintings》, Wen LiPeng’s 《Daughter of Earth》, Zhan JianJun’s 《Looking back》, were masterpieces of this period. After this primary booming period of art, oil painting reached a new crossroads again, It has been urgent for Chinese paintings to have more modernized and fresher air, Therefore,Those works such as HuTiLin, Jia Difei’s 《General Yang JingYu》, Su Xiaobo’s 《The great family of mother》, Yu XiaoFu’s 《I gently knock on the door》, and other works made a new breakthrough to the theme of paintings under the care of contemporary sense.We provide Oil Painting Reproduction. Cheap Oil Painting are all Hand Painted,including Van Gogh, Monet, Georgia O’keeffe and more. Free shipping, ready to hang, no frame needed.

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Free blog promotion methods

Free blog promotion methods and techniques a lot, but the most effective summed up to these ten. If you want to blog for further growth, then the most important thing is you need time to promote it. Unfortunately, in the past, we believe that "if you build it, they will come," but now it seems real estate is not optimistic. Therefore, we need to take the initiative to blog, to seize the initiative, you can see the sun tomorrow. I hope I share these ten free promotion techniques to help you.
1, commenting on other blog
This method is a blog shortly after I discovered my blog was not popular, there is no traffic. One day I was in a blog post, ask for help, then bloggers who visit my blog. Therefore, one of the most simple and effective method of getting traffic is to write access to blog comments. When you write comments when the note with the same nickname, email, and your URL. This will help your search engine optimization, and bloggers also bring you a return flow.
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Regularly publish articles that can improve your search engine traffic. Every new article is actually a search engine find your blog's entry point. Search engines will regularly publish articles that the site is more standardized, while giving more weight.
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Add to your blog topic forums, and actively participate in various activities, will gather a certain popularity. You can also set up a blog in the forum signature information, all visitors will see, so your blog will create awareness.
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Social media is now flourishing scene presented, considered the most influential Facebook, Twitter. Use of social media will increase your blog exposure. Influential in China include: Sina micro-Bo, all net, happy network, if the adjacent network. There are a lot of support for the Chinese foreign sites also need our attention, in addition to already stated, the following is my opinion, a better social media, for your reference: LinkedIn, Digg, Stumbleupon, Delicious, watercress network.
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Haiti wants major camp evacuated ahead of storm

PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti – It was the jewel of Haiti's post-earthquake recovery: an organized relocation camp with thousands of tents billed as hurricane-resistant, lined up evenly on graded mountain soil.

Now, staring down an expected hit later this week from a hurricane, officials say Corail-Cesselesse is not safe. On Tuesday, the government advised the estimated 7,850 residents of its primary relocation camp to ride out the storm somewhere else.

"We're asking people in Corail to voluntarily move from where they are and go to the houses of family or friends. The places the government has identified are churches and schools that are available for shelter from the storm," civil protection official Abel Nazaire told The Associated Press.

Camp managers held a "loudspeaker meeting" with megaphones to tell residents about the evacuation order, said Bryant Castro, the American Refugee Committee staffer managing the camp. Residents were told to seek any home they could find with relatives, friends or lovers.

A hurricane over the weekend, Tropical Storm Tomas was meandering its way through the central Caribbean on Tuesday with maximum sustained winds of 40 mph (65 kph), according to the U.S. National Hurricane Center in Miami. Its center was about 385 miles (620 kilometers) south-southwest of quake-devastated Port-au-Prince and moving west near 14 mph (22 kph).

Haiti wants major camp evacuated ahead of storm

PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti – It was the jewel of Haiti's post-earthquake recovery: an organized relocation camp with thousands of tents billed as hurricane-resistant, lined up evenly on graded mountain soil.

Now, staring down an expected hit later this week from a hurricane, officials say Corail-Cesselesse is not safe. On Tuesday, the government advised the estimated 7,850 residents of its primary relocation camp to ride out the storm somewhere else.

"We're asking people in Corail to voluntarily move from where they are and go to the houses of family or friends. The places the government has identified are churches and schools that are available for shelter from the storm," civil protection official Abel Nazaire told The Associated Press.

Camp managers held a "loudspeaker meeting" with megaphones to tell residents about the evacuation order, said Bryant Castro, the American Refugee Committee staffer managing the camp. Residents were told to seek any home they could find with relatives, friends or lovers.

A hurricane over the weekend, Tropical Storm Tomas was meandering its way through the central Caribbean on Tuesday with maximum sustained winds of 40 mph (65 kph), according to the U.S. National Hurricane Center in Miami. Its center was about 385 miles (620 kilometers) south-southwest of quake-devastated Port-au-Prince and moving west near 14 mph (22 kph).

A new era for Baker

State Sen. Lisa Baker, R-Lehman Township, has kept busy during her first term of office serving the 20th District. She travels 32,000 miles a year, has attended more than 2,000 community events and has helped to pass crucial legislation for veterans within Pennsylvania’s fifth-largest senatorial district.

As the unopposed senator prepares for her second term of office, she will now have another notch in her political belt.

Baker, 49, will be the senior senator from the area, as state Sens. Bob Mellow, D-Peckville, and Ray Musto, D-Pittston Township, are retiring.

“The fact that the two senators who will be retiring have a combined total of probably 75 years of experience, it gives us an opportunity to learn from their service and look to the future as well, with new ideas and new people coming to serve,” she said.

Baker’s government career didn’t just start when she was elected to office in 2006.

She has been working for state government since she was a senior at Shippensburg University, interning for former state Sen. Robert Jubelirer, R-Altoona, which turned into her first job out of college as a researcher in his office.

Baker went on to work for her predecessor, state Sen. Charles Lemmond, R-Dallas, as his chief of staff for 10 years and also served under former GOP governors Tom Ridge and Mark Schweiker.

“While I’m relatively new and just finishing my first term, I actually started as a college intern in the (state) Senate in 1983,” she said.

“I think that gives me an advantage in understanding the history of the institution and also having the perspective of ways I think we can change the institution.”

And Baker has pushed for change. She said one of the first bills she sponsored in the state Senate was one the Legislature had been trying to pass for years. The bill, signed into law in December 2007, helped to improve and better coordinate veterans’ programs and outreach assistance throughout the state.

She has also been focused on the juvenile justice system after the “kids-for-cash” scandal, in which former judges Mark Ciavarella and Michael Conahan were accused of accepting money illegally in exchange for rulings that benefited two for-profit juvenile detention centers.

“All of us believe that in the court system, fundamental fairness is the cornerstone, and (I) felt very troubled by the fact that that was not the case,” she said.

Baker proposed a bill after details of the case noted that more than half of the children who appeared in front of Ciavarella were not represented by an attorney. The bill passed 48-1 in the Senate, and she’s hopeful the bill will become law before the end of the year.
She also is working to include restitutions within the state budget for victims of the scandal.

“It’s important that the original victims’ concerns and rights are taken care of in this process,” she said.

Looking forward, Baker said natural gas drilling in the Marcellus Shale is the most significant issue within her district, and she is determined to ensure safety for the 119 townships and boroughs she serves.

“I have indicated that I will support a severance tax if it incorporates key principles, and unfortunately the bill that passed the House, the one that the governor has been pushing, is not good for our area,” she said.

Baker said a severance tax, which has not been approved by the state Senate, should benefit the municipalities and counties directly affected by drilling before revenue can be placed into the state general fund.

“I think we all recognize the potential economic impact of this industry and the potential for job growth, but I use the caveat that it has to be done in a responsible manner,” she said.

History of western oil painting

The development of painting through the classical, modern, modern several times and in different times during the painting art of thinking is being affected by control and constraint techniques, showing a different aspect.

Conditions of the early history of oil development has laid a classical realist painting tendencies. 15th century European Renaissance, the humanist thought out criticism of religion, with attention to the positive requirements of social reality, and many famous artists in order to gradually get rid of a single creative theme of the Christian classic, beginning when the characters life , landscape, painted items, and direct observation, so that works with religious themes with a clear and present secular factors, some artists depict real life completely real. Renaissance painters inherited Greek and Roman art the idea that not only focus on work to describe an event or fact, but also to reveal the causes and effects of events or facts, so pay attention to the idea of forming a typical image of a typical plot and the art of shaping the way . At the same time, artists were also exploring anatomy, perspective drawing of the use of science in the picture the role of light and shade, forming the shape of scientific principles. The use of human anatomy so that character has been painting as accurate as the ratio of the real, physical, structural; Focus Lens with the establishment of the composition formed by painting the illusion of deep space, painting in the landscape orientation and the reality of the moment the same visual experience; shading painted the unity of the images sent in one of the main light source, formed by the clear level of near and far. Art theme of humanism and the pursuit of realistic painting style concepts in other species it is not perfect, because the tool material constraints, and painting tools and materials are suitable for the performance of two fully reflected. Thus, classical oil painting after a long-term production, highly realistic look.

Classical oil painting oil painting is the language in the overall factors were the result of the integrated use of the time, but different countries and different periods of the artist on the basis of a special focus on one or several factors, the formation of a different style. Italian Renaissance painter pay more attention to the use of shading, dark objects in a painting of the Ministry of shrouded in shadow, light and dark boundary line was a soft transition, creating a focused and unaware of the effect of the screen. L. da Vinci’s “Madonna of the Rocks” is representative of this style. Netherlands the same period a clear portrait of the artist is all detail objects in a painting, the scene rather than the difference between light and dark color of the transition, R. Campion’s clover altar painting “Annunciation” to detail all the indoor and outdoor show features. Italy, Titian was the first one special focus on oil painting color performance artist, he painted on a dark base, and often close to the brightness, hue, the bright colors slightly different form magnificent golden hue, transparent pigments multiple cascade, suddenly suddenly thin thick strokes, but also the fusion of organic colors and shapes, creating a textured effect.

17th century European classical paintings of the period of rapid development in different regions, the country’s artists live in a society based on their background, national temperament, the painting carried out in different languages to explore the deep, the type of oil paintings by subject matter into historical painting, religion story of painting, group portraits, personal portraits, landscapes, still lifes, genre painting and so on. Painting techniques are also becoming more abundant, and formed a national, regional school of thought.

Glass painting(cheap oil paintings) belongs to the category of oil painting reproductions,it seemes that the oil painting(Oil paintings for sale) covered in the glass, and the discount oil paintings is framed with timber seat and placed in a long narrow table or on the wall, It is not an elegant device, most of Paintings for sale and Oil Painting Reproductions are also the products of Republic of China in the late Qing Dynasty.

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Phone app turns tourism into location-based game

NORFOLK, VA. – Going nowhere fast in rush-hour traffic downtown, quickly losing hope that I'd reach yoga class on time, I was reminded by my iPhone that there was a little patch of peacefulness nearby.

I pulled off the main road and soon was sitting in a garden by a riverfront pagoda, a place I'd visited occasionally but hadn't thought about recently, until I started playing SCVNGR.

To play SCVNGR (pronounced "scavenger"), you download a free app for your iPhone or Android phone, then go to places and complete challenges to earn points and unlock virtual rewards, such as badges, and real-world rewards, such as discounts at restaurants. No iPhone or Android phone? You can play via text message.

Norfolk tourism officials worked with SCVNGR's developer to offer four interactive treks in one of the first partnerships nationwide between a convention and visitors bureau and a geo-gaming platform. A walking tour, a driving tour, a tour focusing on the Ghent neighborhood and a pub crawl lead players to museums, historic churches, shops and the city's "restaurant row" on Granby Street, among other attractions.

"We wanted to provide an opportunity for visitors — and residents, too — to learn more about Norfolk in a fun and mobile way," said Erin Filarecki, a spokeswoman for VisitNorfolk, the city's convention and visitors bureau. "This is taking touring to the next level trekking through a city, making it more fun, adventurous and fresh."

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Subtle displays of wealth and low-income in academia

Along with the disappoint every academic inevitably feels that being a professor is not all about the "life of the mind," the second most taboo subject I've noticed is money/salary amongst faculty. I know in some cases, employees are not allowed to discuss salary, but our public institution makes all faculty salaries public. But there seem to be a huge number of other codes that suggest the socio-economic class people belonged to.
But I was wondering if other people noticed subtle displays of high wealth or low incomes with their colleagues and how did you notice it?
For example, I am from a (lower) middle class family and I had a scholarship for my undergrad degree. It was a fluke that I was in general proximity when the dot com wave hit, which then allowed me to go to a prestigious graduate program, funded by a research assistanship. To be honest, I never knew my family was "poor' until I was much older.
So there was a big learning curve - in addition to the field I was in - to essentially adopt some of the more priviledged ways of knowing (and likewise, being able to make an informed choice if I decided to resist it). For example, I never knew anyone who would hire someone to clean their house when I was growing up. My parents took care of us the best we could but they hadn't save for their children's college fund.
An ex of mine (who's still a good friend) made a nice chunk of change with his business and from a family that had done well, and he would always wear hoodies & tennis shoes, but he never wore slacks that were less than $800-1000 and they were always impeccably tailored and wore very expensive watches. He enjoyed looking casual but he said that other business people would recognize the cost of his wardrobe and accessories without having to point them out and they would immediately know he was successful.
In another case, a friend in grad school was one of the nicest, kindest people I met - she stayed with me for three days after my precious kitty passed to help me through the grief - and she seemed like any other grad student, coming to potlucks to save money, etc. When I had to go to a conference back east in a city that has high hotel rates (and grad students had limited funding), so said I was welcome at a place her family had. When I got to the place, it was essentially a penthouse...although I don't really know, the closest I had ever come to a penthouse before was a publisher's party. Later, another friend said that she was from a hugely wealthy family, but never talked about it.
I had come across some awful, entitled people before and generally thought the rich to be insufferable fools, and it was a major learning lesson for me.
On the other hand, there seems to be a converse situation where people want to display how little they make, as though it's a badge of honor to have a meager salary. I'm not talking about hardworking adjuncts or instructors who are grossly underpaid by the university, even though they do outstanding work with few resources. I'm talking about the loud mouth fellow faculty who loudly proclaim (complain) that they can't afford the cost of repairing their car or they have to clip coupons. I should say the ones who spout out "Well, I could be making more but then I'd be selling out." When I hear them say this, I wonder if they are trying to assert some type of authenticity to being poor or that they are too smart to worry about things so trifling as money.
There's a whole range of people who were rich and creepy/arrogant and had low-income and were nice. I was just thinking of the aberrations that were clear examples. 
What are some of the codes you've noticed?

Indonesia tsunami kills 113; scores more missing

PADANG, Indonesia – Rescuers battled rough seas Tuesday to reach remote Indonesian islands pounded by a 10-foot (three-meter) tsunami that swept away homes, killing at least 113 people. Scores more were missing and information was only beginning to trickle in from the sparsely populated surfing destination, so casualties were expected to rise.

With few able to get to the islands to help with searches, fisherman were left to find the dead and look for the living. Corpses were strewn about since there were not enough people to dig graves, according to the Mentawai district chief, Edison Salelo Baja. More than 4,000 people expected to spend the night without shelter because tents and other supplies had also not arrived.

The fault that ruptured Monday on Sumatra island's coast also caused the 2004 quake and monster Indian Ocean tsunami that killed 230,000 people in a dozen countries.

Though hundreds of disaster officials were unable to get to many of the villages on the Mentawai islands — reachable only by a 12-hour boat ride — they were preparing for the worst.

"We have 200 body bags on the way, just in case," said Mujiharto, who heads the Health Ministry's crisis center, shortly before announcing a five-fold increase in the death toll.

Indonesia, the world's largest archipelago, is prone to earthquakes and volcanic activity due to its location on the so-called Pacific Ring of Fire — a series of fault lines stretching from the Western Hemisphere through Japan and Southeast Asia.

The country's most volatile volcano, Mount Merapi, 800 miles (1,300 kilometers) to the east, started to erupt at dusk Tuesday as scientists warned that pressure building beneath its lava dome could trigger one of the most powerful blasts in years.

The 7.7-magnitude quake that struck late Monday just 13 miles (20 kilometers) beneath the ocean floor was followed by at least 14 aftershocks, the largest measuring 6.2, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.

Many panicked residents fled to high ground and were too afraid to return home.

 

The Scream

“The Scream” (Norwegian: Skrik), or translated the “Scream”, the Norwegian painter Edvard Munch’s works in 1893. This painting is the famous works of expressionist painting.

Some people think that the work reflects the existential anxiety of modern intrusion was the mood. Red background from the 1883 Indian “nikelaketor” volcanic eruption, volcanic ash into the sky dyed. The location of the painting from the Eck Berry hill overlooking the Oslo Fjord.

Version
There are four versions of the works, which are hidden in the Oslo Munch Museum version (egg tempera, on paper, 83.5 x 66 cm), hidden in the National Gallery’s version (egg tempera, oil painting, pastels, paper, 91 x 73.5 cm), hidden in another version of Munch Museum, and Peter Olson’s collection of versions. The artist made in 1895 for print work to a large number of replication. Since 1994, two versions of which have stolen, but fortunately all recovered.

The group painted a wide range of subjects, to eulogize the “life, love and death” as the basic theme, the use of symbol and metaphor, reveals the human “end of the century,” the anxiety and fear. Munch’s 1893 painting “The Scream”, is this group of paintings is strongest and the most irritating one, is also an important representative of his works. In this painting, Munch to extremely exaggerated strokes, depicting a deformed image of the characters screaming, to the extreme of human loneliness and depression, and before that in the vast universe, feeling the fear, the performance of head . Munch himself had described the origin of this picture:
“One night I walk down the path – the city side of the road, on the other side is a fjord in my bottom. I was tired and ill stop side view towards the fjord – the sun was downhill – the cloud was stained was red, like blood, the same.
“I felt a shrill scream through the heavens and the earth; I thought I could hear the sound of screaming. I painted this painting – painting those same clouds as real blood. – Those colors Scream – This is the ‘life of painting’ in the painting “The Scream”. “(Thomas M. Messer of” Edvard Munch “, Harry N. Abrams, INC, Publishers, NewYork, p. 84. I translated. )
In this picture, there is no hint of any specific images caused by the screams of terror. Center of the screen image of the Thrillers. He seems to come from us, stretched far away to be turned to the railing. He covered their ears, the two barely audible pedestrian footsteps away, can not see the two boats and distant church steeples; otherwise, that the solitude of his tightly wound, might be able to be reduced slightly. The reality completely isolated loners, appears to have been deep inside his own extreme fear and complete conquest. This image is highly exaggerated, deformed and distorted screaming faces, is entirely comic style. That staring eyes and sunken cheeks, reminiscent of the skull associated with death. This is simply the ghost of a scream. “Can only be mad painting,” Munch painting in the sketches once wrote.
In this painting, Munch used to maintain the natural color and a certain degree of association. Although the blue water, brown, the green trees and red days, have been exaggerated expressive, but did not lose its color or less authenticity. Full-color picture is depressing: the thick red blood, suspended above the horizon, gives a sense of foreboding. It conflicts with the sea of purple shadows; the purple stretch far away because of the increasingly gloomy look. The same purple, repeated in Lonely clothes. His hands and head, then left in a pale, pale brown-gray.
No painting is not filled with a sense of instability. Twisting curves of sky and water, and the bridge form of thick, straight, in contrast to a slash. Rotating movement in the whole composition is full of rough, strong rhythm. Elements of all forms of TV drama seems to convey the voice of a shrill scream. Here is a painter can be said of visual symbols to convey the feeling of hearing, the screaming became miserable visible vibration. The acoustic image of the performance of the technique, perhaps with Van Gogh’s masterpiece “Starry Night” in the image of strength and energy performance linked. Munch here to that generated by the screaming of extreme internal anxiety, transformed into a compelling abstract images. So, he will show his emotions on the screen almost to the extreme.

17th century paintings

Part of the 17th century oil painting oil painting emphasizes the sense of light, the use of warm and cold color contrast, brightness intensity contrast, the thickness of layers to create a sense of contrast by light to form a picture dramatic atmosphere. Italian painter Caravaggio painting before he broke the orderly and harmonious in the sense of light effects, he strengthened the screen brightness contrast, often with a large flat screen dark background set off the bright prospects of the characters, it was painted in the bright light. Spanish painter El. Greco will be treated as in the scene under the mottled light and shadow, he is not from the light and dark are two decent, but from the discontinuous distribution of scattered light and dark shapes, colors form a continuous well-being but also the continuous changes in pen solemn, color level, squeezing each other in the infiltration of the screen gives the effect of confusing, or even filling the mysterious and disturbing atmosphere. Dutch painter Rembrandt also the painting of light and the performance of the mental state as a means, he made a lot of portraits, the characters are in the shadow of the large dark, only the performance of expression of the face, hands, etc. important part of showing a distinct brightness. His use of color in the dark calm multilayer thin coating, so that seems dark and deep, while the Ministry of painting light and draw a knife coated with a thick pile color method, resulting in heavy volume sense.
The same period, the use of brush strokes by many artists focus on exploration. Stroke is the oil paints on canvas with paint marks on the motion, full-size oil painting of the early part of a more consistent thickness of paint layers, brush uniform intensity, reveal almost no brush strokes. 17th century artist noted the movement of the stroke when the mood created by the rhythm and emotion driven, the painter in his paintings, the potential to produce the control pen touches the emotions, brush strokes of light, heavy, slow, anxious and direction are shaped not only the image of movement was born, stroke itself with artistic expression.

Van Gogh

Dutch representatives of the late Impressionism
Representative of "Sunflower", "postman Rouland", "Night Cafe", "wrapping the ears of the self-portrait," "Starry Night", "Van Gogh Bedroom at Arles", "Ouwei the church" and so on, all contain profound sense of tragedy and a strong personality and a unique form of pursuit. Although his work was very difficult to be accepted, but then the art of the 20th century the West has a profound impact.

Super typhoon to hit north Philippines on Monday

MANILA (Reuters) – The northern Philippines was lashed by heavy rains and strong winds from super typhoon Megi on Monday morning, and forecasters said the center of the storm was expected to make landfall before noon (12 a.m. EDT).

Megi, the 10th and strongest typhoon to hit the Philippines this year, had slowed and changed course slightly overnight to be tracking west southwest, delaying its expected arrival in north Luzon, the country's main island, the state weather agency said.

At 6 a.m. (2200 GMT Sunday), the typhoon was 190 km east of Cagayan, and moving west southwest at 19 kph. Landslides blocking roads were reported in Apayao province.

Tropical Storm Risk said Megi was a category 5 super typhoon, the highest rating, with winds of more than 250 kph (155 mph) and would retain that strength as it crossed north Luzon on Monday.

Court ruling or no, gay troops know not to tell

ANNAPOLIS, Md. – When word came down of a judge's ruling that gays could serve openly in the military, an Air Force officer received joyous congratulations from a comrade. Realizing there was someone in the room who didn't know his sexual orientation, the officer pretended it was a joke and laughed it off.

On Tuesday, U.S. District Judge Virginia Phillips ordered the Pentagon to stop enforcing the 17-year-old ban on openly gay troops. The military promised to abide by the order as long as it remains in place, but gay rights advocates cautioned service members to avoid revealing their sexuality in the meantime.

The Air Force officer was at work on his military computer when news of Phillips' ruling flashed up on CNN. A friend who knew his secret ran in and said, "You can come out of the closet now."

"I had to push him out and kind of laugh it off with the other person there in the office," the officer recalled. "It made me really, really nervous at first, because my first thought was, `Oh, crap. I just was outed, and I know that the policy is probably coming back. What do I do?'"

Glass paintings-1

As far as the value of glass painting, the value of figure paintings is higher, particularly the value of story with many figures is higher than the value of story with a single figure. the value of the glass painting is even higher in Qianlong Dynasty, because the oil painting also has a higher value and its value not only comes from its earlier age, but also from its efficient work, Most of oil paintings are accompanied by gold color or silver color, the most famous painter at that time is HuangDaSheng in Guangdong Province, His works are always nuanced and have some old meanings.

Part of oil paintings are efficient works during the Republic of China.However, most of the glass is thick and rough, especially the opening face of figures are not very efficient and their oil paints are dense or thin. so there have been many broken glass paintings today and few of them are protected comprehensively. Most of categories are large screen, table screen, hanging screen, etc, while most of the wooden seats are made from fire wood or hard wood. and some of wooden seats are sculpted by flower pictures.And the first wooden seat of glass painting is few so that the value of table screen is much higher than the value of hanging screen.

Glass oil painting is always ignored to be collected because it is not easy to protect, Nowdays it is rarely for us to see a comprehensive and delicate glass oil paintng, It’s possible for us to find such pieces in the second-hand market,but those pieces are relatively rough.So only by protecting those good glass oil paintings can they have the space of value appreciation.

Glass painting

Glass painting belongs to the category of multi-painting,it seemes that the oil painting covered in the glass, and the oil painting is framed with timber seat and placed in a long narrow table or on the wall, It is not an elegant device, most of oil paintings are also the products of Republic of China in the late Qing Dynasty. Glass painting seems ordinary, In fact, it has a lot of knowledge inside it. When we face a cultural relic, no matter which is large or small, The large one may be a grotto, the small one may be a playing toy, Firstly, we need to identify its age, material, the functions of work and etc. We also need to master much knowledge about cultural relic.

The knowledge of glass painting lies in the fact that it is a color painting on the glass, this technique has appeared during the Ming Dynasty. This techique is characterized by the thin glass and it is free of impurities. Glass is a natural and plain material, it can be used as wooden border or shelve and its technique of sculpture is very simple. Unfortunately, because glass is fragile thing so it is not easy to save, Nowdays most glass paintings we can see are made during the period of the Qing Dynasty and Republic of China. During the late Qing Dynasty,One character of glass painting is that the density of glass is moderate. Remember one thing,the year of glass is better if the glass is thinner,which is commonly called:”Good year”, but most of works as “Good year”are produced in Guangdong province of south China, those glasses are white and without impurities,And the techniques of oil painting are so sophisticated, For example,the pictures also including mountains,water,weapon and horses.

Techniques of oil painting

The historical conditions of the primary development for oil paintings led to the realistic trend of classical oil painting.During the European Renaissance in 15th century, as a result of criticism for religion,the humanist thought had active requirements for paying attention to the social reality, Many famous artists gradually got rid of the single creative theme for the Christian classics, They began to observe and describe those figures, landscapes, objects in daily life. so that those religious works had obvious unreligious factors as well as some artists compeletely described the real scenes in daily life. Painters during Renaissance inherited the art conceptions of Greek and Rome,which not only focused on describing an event or fact, but also revealed the causes and consequences of events or facts, so that the artistic techniques of focuing on the typical plots and images were taking shape. At the same time, artists were also exploring the use of anatomy, perspective science in painting so that the shape of scientific principles were forming. And the use of human anatomy helped the characters of hand painted  have the accurate and actual relationship among the distribution, shape and structure in the picture. The establishment of focusing perspective formed deep illusion space through the composition of picture, and it also made the landscapes of the paintings had the same visual feelings in the real life. The chiaroscuro made the objects and sences in the painting can form clear coverages from far to near vision under the same light. Owning to the restriction of tools and materials, the theme of humanism and the shape conception of seeking reality had not been improved.However,The characters of oil paintings tools and materials were approriate to reflect the theme of humanism and the shape conception of seeking reality. Thus, classical painting has become an image produced by the long-term, highly realistic operation.

The limition of tools and materials for oil painting led to the complexity of drawing techniques. For the past several centuries, artists have created a variety of painting techniques in practice, which makes the materials of oil paintings express a full performance effects. The major techniques of cheap oil painting are:

①The method of transparent covered color, That is a multi-level description to picture by using diluted oil paint without white color.Painters must draw color to picture only after the previous color has been dry. Due to the color of each layer is relatively thin, the color of next layer can vaguely disclosed so that colors between layers have delicate effect.For example, Drawing the blue color in dark red color layer can produce abundant effect that implies the wamth through the cold,which is often unable to draw in the palette.This method is suitable to express the feeling of visible and solid sense for objects’ images, especially it can vividly describe the changes of color to the skin of figures and make people feel the blood flowing under the surface of skin. The disadvantage of the mathod is the color is narrow, the procedure is careful and the time of one work is long so that it is unfavorable for painters to express the creative ispiration for art. 

The mathod of drawing transparent color, also called as: Direct drawing color. That is after drawing images on the canvas, with the colors’feeling for the images of onjects,painters think about the applicable colors and draw these colors in one time. And those mistaken parts of picture will be scratched and continue to draw colors on it, This method uses so much paint that the saturation of colors is high and is favorable to show the active feelings of painters. During the mid and late19th century, most painters use this method. In order to achieve the full effect of color for picture in one time, painters must pay attention to the use of brush-pencil,And the common ways of drawing colors are smooth,disperse and thick drawings. Smooth drawing is drawing colors to wide areas in a single strength and reasonal pencil,which is suitable for those objects in a stable and peaceful atomosphere of picture. Disperse drawing is using brush-pencil according to natural changes of objects,which is relatively disperse and flexible. Thick drawing is drawing paints in a full or partial manner so as to the picture have some deep colored parts,in which the paints can be interesting and the image of objects can also been enhanced.

Oil paintings skill

Step One: We should make a warm middle painted color by black ivory,and make this color thin and transparent by using turpentine,and draw this color in canvas with a large bristle(using medium rough canvas) , Then draw the darkest part of human body—hair. Drawing the hair should use slightly thicker color, which means using less turpentine when we make a warm middle painted color. Even the hair is covered the entire face in the picture, but it is able to express the strong expression of figures. I do not deal with hair pieces as hair, but draw it into a dark colors with certain size and shape. Even in the beginning stage, it’s necessary to draw an accurate sketch, light and dark parts of picture.We should draw every part accurately,because each parts of picture are co-related. It will be impossible for us to control the whole oil paintings sitution if we can’t draw one part of picture inaccurately. for oil paintings led to This model began from multi-level hitting-figure and used transparent method of thin drawing in a single color.Firstly,We should draw a layer of middle painted color that made by turpentine and black ivory.Then we should draw all dark and light paint colors of objects by using the turpentine more or less.The draft made by this way is close to single colored landscape paintings and it nearly need to be further processed with colors.This model is favorable to initial learners to use colors in adjusting layors of picture,and it also help them get some emotional knowledge in controling brush-pencil.

Step Two: This step is drawing the image of human body clearly.We should use soft cloth to clean some previous colors along  the body’s arms and knees in the picture,so that it cause a light layer and form a middle painted color in the whole arm,We can change the painted color by using clean,soft cloth or turpentine pen,but we can not use untransperant white color during the period of hitting figure. During this oil paintings period,It’s equally important for us to deal with the problems such as sideline,darkness and light sketching. It’s obvious that these sidelines come through extended knees from the top of shoulder to the wrist, But it’s not so obvious that these sidelines from the armpit to the bottom of arm,All these effects are not done by chance.

Step three: Drawing all the major light parts of human body. We don’t need to draw these parts such as head, arm, shoulder and bended knee temporarily and draw painted color in these areas such as the lower parts,ass and two legs of the body. The color of these parts will become dry and we can use turpentine to clean it. The rest of parts seem to be blurry but they are still accurate to see. In addition to the particular light part in the final step, the painted color and shape of picture are correct,Its location is also appropriate.

Step four, This is the last step for drafting, all the details of the human body structure have been prepared. We began to draw the front sence. Firstly we use soft cloth dipped by turpentine to make the picture be bright. Then we use the large bristle draw a layer of black ivory paint to make the picture feel flowing.And we draw the background between two sides of human body in the same way.The brush strength of human body should be soft so as to we should use the large brush to draw the picture.And special attention should be paid to the co-relation between those clear parts of background and those blurry parts of sidelines in the picture. For example, in the below shadow parts of the arm. We can use large conic pencil to draw the painted color and use clean dry bristle pencil to scan the picture qiuckly so that the upper parts of painted color become blurry,The blow parts of the painted color is actually the shadow of arms between two legs. Then we use large conic pencil to slightly scan up the wet previous color in order to make the sidelines be soft and reach the unbended lap.Finally the sideline will be blurry.

oil paintings

Oil paintings skill

Step One: We should make a warm middle painted color by black ivory,and make this color thin and transparent by using turpentine,and draw this color in canvas with a large bristle(using medium rough canvas) , Then draw the darkest part of human body—hair. Drawing the hair should use slightly thicker color, which means using less turpentine when we make a warm middle painted color. Even the hair is covered the entire face in the picture, but it is able to express the strong expression of figures. I do not deal with hair pieces as hair, but draw it into a dark colors with certain size and shape. Even in the beginning stage, it’s necessary to draw an accurate sketch, light and dark parts of picture.We should draw every part accurately,because each parts of picture are co-related. It will be impossible for us to control the whole oil paintings sitution if we can’t draw one part of picture inaccurately. for oil paintings led to This model began from multi-level hitting-figure and used transparent method of thin drawing in a single color.Firstly,We should draw a layer of middle painted color that made by turpentine and black ivory.Then we should draw all dark and light paint colors of objects by using the turpentine more or less.The draft made by this way is close to single colored landscape paintings and it nearly need to be further processed with colors.This model is favorable to initial learners to use colors in adjusting layors of picture,and it also help them get some emotional knowledge in controling brush-pencil.

Step Two: This step is drawing the image of human body clearly.We should use soft cloth to clean some previous colors along  the body’s arms and knees in the picture,so that it cause a light layer and form a middle painted color in the whole arm,We can change the painted color by using clean,soft cloth or turpentine pen,but we can not use untransperant white color during the period of hitting figure. During this oil paintings period,It’s equally important for us to deal with the problems such as sideline,darkness and light sketching. It’s obvious that these sidelines come through extended knees from the top of shoulder to the wrist, But it’s not so obvious that these sidelines from the armpit to the bottom of arm,All these effects are not done by chance.

Step three: Drawing all the major light parts of human body. We don’t need to draw these parts such as head, arm, shoulder and bended knee temporarily and draw painted color in these areas such as the lower parts,ass and two legs of the body. The color of these parts will become dry and we can use turpentine to clean it. The rest of parts seem to be blurry but they are still accurate to see. In addition to the particular light part in the final step, the painted color and shape of picture are correct,Its location is also appropriate.

Step four, This is the last step for drafting, all the details of the human body structure have been prepared. We began to draw the front sence. Firstly we use soft cloth dipped by turpentine to make the picture be bright. Then we use the large bristle draw a layer of black ivory paint to make the picture feel flowing.And we draw the background between two sides of human body in the same way.The brush strength of human body should be soft so as to we should use the large brush to draw the picture.And special attention should be paid to the co-relation between those clear parts of background and those blurry parts of sidelines in the picture. For example, in the below shadow parts of the arm. We can use large conic pencil to draw the painted color and use clean dry bristle pencil to scan the picture qiuckly so that the upper parts of painted color become blurry,The blow parts of the painted color is actually the shadow of arms between two legs. Then we use large conic pencil to slightly scan up the wet previous color in order to make the sidelines be soft and reach the unbended lap.Finally the sideline will be blurry.

oil paintings

360 Jinshan Tencent Privacy war to follow suit and upgrade the privacy protection push

QQ product team then immediately issued a "solemn declaration", said the introduction of privacy protection 360 The aim of slandering Tencent QQ.
360: privacy protection upgrade again
360 companies, said at the press conference yesterday, so far, 80 million users to download 360 privacy protection. Currently the company has again upgraded 360 privacy protection.
New version of the 360 privacy protection in the monitoring of Tencent QQ, TM, etc. 4 chat software based on new documents focus on user privacy protection, privacy protection default directory includes the "My Documents", MSN chat data Tencent QQ user data files and other sensitive locations.
For QQ, 360 president, said Qi Xiangdong, healthy behaviors software should not have crossed the line chatting tools the public can call the operating system, system resources, but not without the knowledge of the user access to personal information. "The QQ scanned documents and account security, and not directly related to specific target Tencent and the privacy of users of competitive products and information."
About 360 users access to private information is also questioned, said Zhou Hongyi, chairman of 360, 360 as a security software to scan your hard drive, this has to inform consumers, but the 360 certainly will not upload user privacy, it will not do cross-border behavior.
QQ: 360 deliberately slander
QQ product team then made the night "about a company slandered Tencent QQ 'spy on user privacy' of the solemn statement," This is the second Tencent media before the National Day privacy protection on 360 low-key statement issued after the report, the first positive response to 360 challenges. The statement took the unprecedented harsh wording.
360 released a statement saying the goal of privacy protection slander Tencent QQ. "Tencent attaches great importance to user privacy protection, and must not spy on privacy. QQ stigmatized the main security check module. Check the executable file is the industry's anti-virus software for all common techniques, not involving user privacy." The statement said, carried out The purpose of this inspection is to protect the user's QQ account. The 360 looks deliberately distorted or misleading QQ normal operation and safety checks are like in the "peep user privacy."
"We must point out that claim as a 'professional security software vendors' business, but this is very common distortion principles and methods of security checks, unless it is deliberately slander, or their expertise is questionable. This fool the user's behavior seriously damaged the reputation of QQ, we will take legal means to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. "QQ statement made above that.
Jinshan follow the trend of pushing the "Privacy Protector"
360 launched late last month, the privacy protection, and lead to positive conflict with Tencent. Privacy protection under the 360 monitoring display, Tencent QQ will start automatically access the user files in the background, many of them involving personal privacy. Before that Tencent has responded that the move was "QQ account security to protect users."
In this "Privacy PK" escalating at the same time, yesterday morning, the domestic anti-virus software vendor Kingsoft veteran also launched its own "privacy protection", and accused the 360 confused with the concept of privacy, privacy of Jinshan will be the definition of privacy protection to users . Jinshan said Jinshan file protection privacy protection to the core, user-defined privacy documents, as long as the act of invasion of privacy will be prompted for the file. "And 360 privacy protection only for QQ, MSN and other software, QQ, MSN calls the data all the acts characterized as suspicious, in itself confuses the concept of privacy peeping."

Oil paintings knowledge –1

Step five: Before using transperant paint, we should continue to use the fourth step(dry scaning method) to make the sideline of hair,below parts of bended legs and laps become soft. Then we use middle-size bristle and dark painted color to draw the figure along with the knees and legs.The rest sidelines of figure should be handled in the same way.Then we began to use untransperant paints to form the focus of this painting.The reason why we use this method is those parts will be the brightest parts together with the dark color of hair in the picture. Then we use yellow, brown, and white color to form the color of light parts and add green and blue color so that we can draw the bright effect in the picture.We also can use the ivory color for the darkest parts.When I’m drawing those previous parts,I immidiately confirm the style of color in the whole picture. As we try our best to draw the draft correctively, we can avoid the modification and set-back in the process.

Step six,We should use different methods to draw colors.In the place of front arm for the figure ,we can use hard and plain brush to describe the triceps and back parts of the shoulder swelled bone,Then palette knife is widely used in the central parts of lap,knee and chest. Then the thin and transperant paints will be used among laps, legs and dark parts of the shoulder swelled bone.During the whole process,It’s important to keep the transperancy of dark parts of picture.These untransperant parts and transperant parts will be co-related to bring the third dimension to the human body in the picture. At this time,we should use palette knife to gently scrape the dark spots in below parts of arms, these dazzling spots are formed beacause the thick brush is drawn on the rough surface structure of canvas. In addition,we should use badger brush to make the ugly parts in ass and bended laps of the figure become smooth.Because the use of badger brush and marten brush always form the beautiful and smooth effect in the picture,but it always cause a negative effect that the picture feels like relaxed.So we should be more careful when we use this method.

The last step:Finishing the human body in the picture.During the final period ,we should once again pay attention to hande the border line.The border line should be clear in the parts where the bodies are moving,for example,the upper parts of kness.Meanwhile, the border line should be unclear in the parts where the bodies are smooth.for example,the inner parts of laps and background of hair.In the parts of shoulders and legs,we can use the thick drawing method(which means drawing paints reapeatedly in the surface of picture).In the front parts,particularly in the parts near the leg,we can use one method that drawing color into canvas by using clean and dry badger brush with a little paints.In the parts of head and shoulder,we can use thin drawing method(which means scraching a little paints in the picture by badger brush to form a thin and smooth layer ).In the parts of red cloth behind human body,we can use the dark paints and palette knife to sratch in the picture.Compared with the fifth and sixth step,the final step do not mess the previous drawing methods.The background of picture is still transperant and the previous parts used by turpentine do not change,this is the natural effect we always persue.We should leave the work for two weeks in order to ensure it will be dry,because the parts of background is so thick that it’s easy to be broken.Then we should put wetting agent into picture to be further protected after the parts of thick color paints has been dry.Finally we could polish the light to the whole picture aftter the painting has become dry for three to six months.

Oil paintings skill-1

An example (Figure) of oil painting techniques: the technique of hitting figure| Model One | – Richard • SiQimiDe, the human body painting.

        Model one: The thin drawing for single light and dark painted color
         We can see from the following four model works, My definition of ” hitting figure ” is different from the definition of the dictionary, the definition of dictionary is ” The draft that only has a rough outline rather than details”, But my defination is ” The draft that has necessary details and an accurate outline”.

When hitting figure, I am particularly care about the accuracy and details. A draft can be painted in a lively ,natural, and accurate way. The idea that paying attention to the length,shape and accuracy of colors will affect the live effect of picture is groundless.The truth is that if artist draw more accurately in the primary stage,It is more likely to have successful works. But this simple truth is often forgotten or ignored.I once met various complicated problems and made all mistakes when I draw life-size human body painting in my student period,Later I came to understand one painting can’t be finished in one time,It must be finished in many times.And the best brushwork did begin to describe the object’s obvious relationship between light and dark,shape and color. Every object has the darkest, light, shadow parts, or a colored area of geometric shape, I firstly draw these partial parts because they are most obvious and favourable to draw in an accurate manner.In initial time, If artist draw more these accurate parts, It’s easier for them to deal with these parts that are difficult to manage.

Techniques of oil painting

The limition of tools and materials for oil painting led to the complexity of drawing techniques. For the past several centuries, artists have created a variety of painting techniques in practice, which makes the materials of oil paintings express a full performance effects. The major techniques of cheap oil painting are:

①The method of transparent covered color, That is a multi-level description to picture by using diluted oil paint without white color.Painters must draw color to picture only after the previous color has been dry. Due to the color of each layer is relatively thin, the color of next layer can vaguely disclosed so that colors between layers have delicate effect.For example, Drawing the blue color in dark red color layer can produce abundant effect that implies the wamth through the cold,which is often unable to draw in the palette.This method is suitable to express the feeling of visible and solid sense for objects’ images, especially it can vividly describe the changes of color to the skin of figures and make people feel the blood flowing under the surface of skin. The disadvantage of the mathod is the color is narrow, the procedure is careful and the time of one work is long so that it is unfavorable for painters to express the creative ispiration for art. 

The mathod of drawing transparent color, also called as: Direct drawing color. That is after drawing images on the canvas, with the colors’feeling for the images of onjects,painters think about the applicable colors and draw these colors in one time. And those mistaken parts of picture will be scratched and continue to draw colors on it, This method uses so much paint that the saturation of colors is high and is favorable to show the active feelings of painters. During the mid and late19th century, most painters use this method. In order to achieve the full effect of color for picture in one time, painters must pay attention to the use of brush-pencil,And the common ways of drawing colors are smooth,disperse and thick drawings. Smooth drawing is drawing colors to wide areas in a single strength and reasonal pencil,which is suitable for those objects in a stable and peaceful atomosphere of picture. Disperse drawing is using brush-pencil according to natural changes of objects,which is relatively disperse and flexible. Thick drawing is drawing paints in a full or partial manner so as to the picture have some deep colored parts,in which the paints can be interesting and the image of objects can also been enhanced.

oil paintings in China -2

However, while the detention of culture has been lifted, but for various reasons (mainly economic reasons), The visions and thinkings of most artists have not been fully opened so that they were able to enjoy a variety of complicated changes in today’s world, thus there were lack of real representative works. But after all, China’s oil painting has now entered a new era ,in which it was learning, changing, and enriching itself constantly.

The thick features and strong plasticity of oil paints is unmatched to other kinds of paintings, which makes oil paintings can produce the rhythm and intensity that are followed by people’s thinking and feeling. Under the use of the brush, Plasticity is not only the the task of completing the shape, but also produces a direct effect to the texture of picture. Rembran, Rubens are the artists who are good at controling the texture, because texture directly convey psychological feelings of the artists and affects the infection intensity of their works. The reasonable performance of the so-called texture includes not only the imitation and reproduction of texture to the visible feelings of objects, but also the description and performance of picture’s overall mood. In the traditional realistic painting, the texture is very good at the task of reflecting to the visible feelings of objects. The fine and coarse visible feeling of objects can be imitated by using relevant textures,but it is always negative action. While the real so-called texture is the high-level harmonious texture that can express the rhythm of picture and emotion of artist. This texture often sends the spirit of artists to entire picture and make the viewer’s heart beyond the limitations of visible feeling ,so that this tecture becomes a layer color that is out of the concrete objects. In this sense, Texture is abstract. However, in traditional oil painting, The texture is also followed by the realistic objects and is incorperated with the overall atomosphere from small to big.

oil paintings in China

During this perioud in Yan’an, the style of artists had been influenced by “The speech of meeting on culture and art in Yan’an,”  XuBeiHong’s realism painting style was matched with that thought:”Culture and art should serve for worker and farmer soldiers” in that era.So his realism painting style gradually became standardized oil painting in China.

Under the influence of view “New art must be combined with the people”, realism became the dominated style so that the styles of landscape, objects, figures and others were becoming absent. There have been a number of revolutionary history paintings at this time, For example, “Open bonds”of HuYiChuang, “Join the army,”of WangShiGuo. “tunnel war”of LuoGongLiu, “The ceremony of founding for China,”of DongXiWen, “Fighting to across Luding Bridge” of LiZongJin, “Pass the snow-capped mountains,” of AiZhongXin and so on. With the mass movement was launched, Chinese oil painting entered into the situation of “Learning from Soviet Union comletely”, The education system centralized by 巴维尔·彼得罗维奇·契斯恰科夫has quickly become a single education system in China and this system cultivated a serious of outstanding painters. After this perioud, a group of painters made some breakthroughs to the single painting system in our country under the expansion spirit of “nationalization”, which lead to those works such as 《In JingGang mountain》by LuoGongLiu, 《Princess Wen Cheng》by LiHuaJi, 《Water Village》by YuanYunSheng, 《Commemoration in front of old home》 by XuJianBai and other works.

In 1964, Under the slogan:”Taking the classes’ struggling as the guidence”, The persons such as Lin Biao,Jiang Qing took a cultural sweep to culture and art field. Many painters’works were taken away, For instance,Zhong Han’s 《The edge of Yan River》, Du Jian’s 《Moving forward in the torrent》，Li Hua Ji’s 《Princess Wen Cheng》, Qin Zheng’s 《Home》 and etc. All these works were sentenced by fabricated crimes in the public and almost destroyed. On the other hand, oil painting has become the tools of creating the God, 《Chairman Mao to AnYuan》 has become typical work for that time。The number of printings for that painting reached over 100 million. At this time, some young talent oil painters began to appear, such as Chen DanQing, Shen Jia Wei, Chen Yiming, etc. Their representative works were: 《Never stop the war》, 《Tribute to the Yellow River》 ,《Tears covered the harvest fields》, 《I guard for my great motherland》 and so on.           (Wonderful collection of Cheap Oil Paintings,They are all Discount Oil Paintings.)It was the opening period of art after the Cultural Revolution, Various forms of paintings were booming and the forms of paintings were also varied.  Those works such as Luo ZhongLi’s 《father》, Chen DanQing’s 《Tibet of paintings》, Wen LiPeng’s 《Daughter of Earth》, Zhan JianJun’s 《Looking back》, were masterpieces of this period. After this primary booming period of art, oil painting reached a new crossroads again, It has been urgent for Chinese paintings to have more modernized and fresher air, Therefore,Those works such as HuTiLin, Jia Difei’s 《General Yang JingYu》, Su Xiaobo’s 《The great family of mother》, Yu XiaoFu’s 《I gently knock on the door》, and other works made a new breakthrough to the theme of paintings under the care of contemporary sense.We provide Oil Painting Reproduction. Cheap Oil Painting are all Hand Painted,including Van Gogh, Monet, Georgia O’keeffe and more. Free shipping, ready to hang, no frame needed.